锎（CAS 7440-71-3）：分子式 Cf、分子量 251.07959。
| CAS号 | 7440-71-3 |
|---|---|
| 分子式 | Cf |
| 分子量 | 251.07959 |
| 熔点 | 900 +/- 30 °C (metal) |
| 应用领域 | Uses: Californium is a byproduct of plutonium production. Two of the californium isotopes (Cf-249 and Cf-251) have half-lives longer than 20 years and are defined as transuranic wastes (TRU) produced in nuclear reactors. Of the ten known isotopes、only Cf-252 is used commercially in industrial radiography and in brachytherapy to treat cancer. About 3% of decays are by spontaneous fission producing neutrons and gamma rays. Cf-252 is a strong emitter of neutrons at a rate of 170 million neutrons per minute. [Argonne]、The only californium isotope that has a commercial use is californium-252. Because this radionuclide is only available in very small quantities its uses are quite limited. Californium-252 is a very strong neutron emitter、with one microgram emitting 170 million neutrons per minute. Thin foils containing californium-252 can be used as a source of fission fragments for research purposes. Californium-252 can also be used as a portable neutron source to identify gold or silver ores through neutron activation analysis、and it can be used in moisture gauges to locate water and oil-bearing layers in oil wells. In addition、californium-252 is used in brachytherapy to treat various types of cancer.、Californium-252. Used to measure the mineral content of coal ash and to measure the moisture of materials stored in silos.、Californium-252 as neutron source、startup source for nuclear reactors、in nuclear reactor fuel rod scanners.、Methods of Manufacturing: ... Californium-245、obtained by bombarding curium-242 with cyclotron-accelerated helium ions.、Californium-245、Formulations、Preparations: Californium-249、prepared by transuranic processing following sequential neutron captures in transuranic isotopes. Sold in microgram quantities as solutions or solid nitrate or chloride at radiopurity of >98% and shipped in nonreturanable glass bottles. Classed as a nuclear material requiring documentation of transfer.、Californium-252、prepared by transuranic processing following sequential neutron captures in transuranic isotopes. Sold in microgram quantities as solution or custom forms at radiopurity of >80 to 85 atom % and shipped in welded stainless steel container meeting special form requirements. Classed as a nuclear material requiring documentation of transfer.、General Manufacturing Information: Because californium-252 does spontaneously fission、thereby releasing neutrons、it can be used as a neutron source - a startup fuel - to initiate the uranium-235 chain reaction. One inserts the californium-252 into the reactor to "fire" it up and start the production of electricity. Californium-252 is also used in security devices as a means to detect the presence of hidden explosives such as one might uncover in an airport.、Californium-252 is also used in security devices as a means to detect the presence of hidden explosives such as one might uncover in an airport. Many explosives are composed of nitrogen-containing chemical compounds. Nitrogen-14、the most abundant isotope of nitrogen、has a relatively large affinity for capturing neutrons. After the nitrogen captures the neutron、the nitrogen is in an excited state and loses energy by emitting a characteristic gamma ray. ... By irradiating a suspected item with neutrons、these gamma rays may be detected and inform the security agents that an explosive is possibly present.、A third way in which neutrons can be released is by collision of charged particles with a lithium or beryllium target、when part of the neutron binding energy in the nucleus of lithium or beryllium is converted into kinetic energy of 14 to 66 MeV. Radionuclides、such as californium-252、and ion accelerators that emit alpha-particles are used to initiate these reactions、and the neutrons emitted are used for radiography and radiotherapy.、Higher-neutron-flux reactors、such as those at the Savannah River Plant in South Carolina and the High Flux Isotopes Reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee produce gram quantities of californium.、For more General Manufacturing Information (Complete) data for CALIFORNIUM、RADIOACTIVE (6 total)、please visit the HSDB record page. |
登记用途：Uses: Californium is a byproduct of plutonium production. Two of the californium isotopes (Cf-249 and Cf-251) have half-lives longer than 20 years and are defined as transuranic wastes (TRU) produced in nuclear reactors. Of the ten known isotopes、only Cf-252 is used commercially in industrial radiography and in brachytherapy to treat cancer. About 3% of decays are by spontaneous fission producing neutrons and gamma rays. Cf-252 is a strong emitter of neutrons at a rate of 170 million neutrons per minute. [Argonne]、The only californium isotope that has a commercial use is californium-252. Because this radionuclide is only available in very small quantities its uses are quite limited. Californium-252 is a very strong neutron emitter、with one microgram emitting 170 million neutrons per minute. Thin foils containing californium-252 can be used as a source of fission fragments for research purposes. Californium-252 can also be used as a portable neutron source to identify gold or silver ores through neutron activation analysis、and it can be used in moisture gauges to locate water and oil-bearing layers in oil wells. In addition、californium-252 is used in brachytherapy to treat various types of cancer.、Californium-252. Used to measure the mineral content of coal ash and to measure the moisture of materials stored in silos.、Californium-252 as neutron source、startup source for nuclear reactors、in nuclear reactor fuel rod scanners.、Methods of Manufacturing: ... Californium-245、obtained by bombarding curium-242 with cyclotron-accelerated helium ions.、Californium-245、Formulations、Preparations: Californium-249、prepared by transuranic processing following sequential neutron captures in transuranic isotopes. Sold in microgram quantities as solutions or solid nitrate or chloride at radiopurity of >98% and shipped in nonreturanable glass bottles. Classed as a nuclear material requiring documentation of transfer.、Californium-252、prepared by transuranic processing following sequential neutron captures in transuranic isotopes. Sold in microgram quantities as solution or custom forms at radiopurity of >80 to 85 atom % and shipped in welded stainless steel container meeting special form requirements. Classed as a nuclear material requiring documentation of transfer.、General Manufacturing Information: Because californium-252 does spontaneously fission、thereby releasing neutrons、it can be used as a neutron source - a startup fuel - to initiate the uranium-235 chain reaction. One inserts the californium-252 into the reactor to "fire" it up and start the production of electricity. Californium-252 is also used in security devices as a means to detect the presence of hidden explosives such as one might uncover in an airport.、Californium-252 is also used in security devices as a means to detect the presence of hidden explosives such as one might uncover in an airport. Many explosives are composed of nitrogen-containing chemical compounds. Nitrogen-14、the most abundant isotope of nitrogen、has a relatively large affinity for capturing neutrons. After the nitrogen captures the neutron、the nitrogen is in an excited state and loses energy by emitting a characteristic gamma ray. ... By irradiating a suspected item with neutrons、these gamma rays may be detected and inform the security agents that an explosive is possibly present.、A third way in which neutrons can be released is by collision of charged particles with a lithium or beryllium target、when part of the neutron binding energy in the nucleus of lithium or beryllium is converted into kinetic energy of 14 to 66 MeV. Radionuclides、such as californium-252、and ion accelerators that emit alpha-particles are used to initiate these reactions、and the neutrons emitted are used for radiography and radiotherapy.、Higher-neutron-flux reactors、such as those at the Savannah River Plant in South Carolina and the High Flux Isotopes Reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee produce gram quantities of californium.、For more General Manufacturing Information (Complete) data for CALIFORNIUM、RADIOACTIVE (6 total)、please visit the HSDB record page.。
锎 是一种化工化合物，登记 CAS 号为 7440-71-3，分子式 Cf（分子量 251.07959）。
登记 CAS 号：7440-71-3
其分子式 Cf 由 1 个Cf 组成。
别名/同义词：锎 · Californium
锎 的 CAS 登记号为 7440-71-3。
分子式 Cf，分子量 251.07959。
别名/同义词：锎、Californium。
登记用途：Uses: Californium is a byproduct of plutonium production. Two of the californium isotopes (Cf-249 and Cf-251) have half-lives longer than 20 years and are defined as transuranic wastes (TRU) produced in nuclear reactors. Of the ten known isotopes、only Cf-252 is used commercially in industrial radiography and in brachytherapy to treat cancer. About 3% of decays are by spontaneous fission producing neutrons and gamma rays. Cf-252 is a strong emitter of neutrons at a rate of 170 million neutrons per minute. [Argonne]、The only californium isotope that has a commercial use is californium-252. Because this radionuclide is only available in very small quantities its uses are quite limited. Californium-252 is a very strong neutron emitter、with one microgram emitting 170 million neutrons per minute. Thin foils containing californium-252 can be used as a source of fission fragments for research purposes. Californium-252 can also be used as a portable neutron source to identify gold or silver ores through neutron activation analysis、and it can be used in moisture gauges to locate water and oil-bearing layers in oil wells. In addition、californium-252 is used in brachytherapy to treat various types of cancer.、Californium-252. Used to measure the mineral content of coal ash and to measure the moisture of materials stored in silos.、Californium-252 as neutron source、startup source for nuclear reactors、in nuclear reactor fuel rod scanners.、Methods of Manufacturing: ... Californium-245、obtained by bombarding curium-242 with cyclotron-accelerated helium ions.、Californium-245、Formulations、Preparations: Californium-249、prepared by transuranic processing following sequential neutron captures in transuranic isotopes. Sold in microgram quantities as solutions or solid nitrate or chloride at radiopurity of >98% and shipped in nonreturanable glass bottles. Classed as a nuclear material requiring documentation of transfer.、Californium-252、prepared by transuranic processing following sequential neutron captures in transuranic isotopes. Sold in microgram quantities as solution or custom forms at radiopurity of >80 to 85 atom % and shipped in welded stainless steel container meeting special form requirements. Classed as a nuclear material requiring documentation of transfer.、General Manufacturing Information: Because californium-252 does spontaneously fission、thereby releasing neutrons、it can be used as a neutron source - a startup fuel - to initiate the uranium-235 chain reaction. One inserts the californium-252 into the reactor to "fire" it up and start the production of electricity. Californium-252 is also used in security devices as a means to detect the presence of hidden explosives such as one might uncover in an airport.、Californium-252 is also used in security devices as a means to detect the presence of hidden explosives such as one might uncover in an airport. Many explosives are composed of nitrogen-containing chemical compounds. Nitrogen-14、the most abundant isotope of nitrogen、has a relatively large affinity for capturing neutrons. After the nitrogen captures the neutron、the nitrogen is in an excited state and loses energy by emitting a characteristic gamma ray. ... By irradiating a suspected item with neutrons、these gamma rays may be detected and inform the security agents that an explosive is possibly present.、A third way in which neutrons can be released is by collision of charged particles with a lithium or beryllium target、when part of the neutron binding energy in the nucleus of lithium or beryllium is converted into kinetic energy of 14 to 66 MeV. Radionuclides、such as californium-252、and ion accelerators that emit alpha-particles are used to initiate these reactions、and the neutrons emitted are used for radiography and radiotherapy.、Higher-neutron-flux reactors、such as those at the Savannah River Plant in South Carolina and the High Flux Isotopes Reactor at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee produce gram quantities of californium.、For more General Manufacturing Information (Complete) data for CALIFORNIUM、RADIOACTIVE (6 total)、please visit the HSDB record page.。
锎（CAS 7440-71-3）的独立参考数据，整理自公开化学数据库。
| CAS 号 | 7440-71-3 |
|---|---|
| PubChem CID | 23997 |
| 分子式 | Cf |
| IUPAC 名称 | californium |
| UNII（FDA） | 975X05H15A |
| Molecular Weight | 251.07959 |
|---|---|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 0 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 0 |
| Exact Mass | 251.07959 |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 251.07959 |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 0 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 1 |
| Melting Point | 900 +/- 30 °C (metal) |
|---|
CALIFORNIUM; 7440-71-3; 975X05H15A; DTXSID00225392; RefChem:122964; DTXCID00147883; californium atom; HSDB 7386; Californium, radioactive; californio; Kalifornium; Californium Ion; Element-Cf; Element:Cf; UNII-975X05H15A; Atomic Californium
锎 · CAS 7440-71-3 · Cf. UNII 975X05H15A. Melting Point: 900 +/- 30 °C (metal).
数据来源：PubChem / Wikidata；与随货 COA 不一致时以 COA 为准。
English page: Californium