PENTAERYTHRITE TETRANITRATE

PENTAERYTHRITE TETRANITRATE (CAS 78-11-5) — formula C5H8N4O12, molecular weight 316.14; category inorganic chemicals.

Product Overview

Applications

Documented applications: Uses: Used to manufacture detonating fuses (Primacord), blasting caps, and pharmaceuticals (vasodilators) [HSDB], Mainly in the manufacture of detonating fuse (Primacord), a waterproof textile filled with powdered PETN., Demolition explosive, ...A component (mixed with hexahydro-1, 2, 5-trinitro-1, 3, 4-triazine) in "plastic" explosives such as Semtex., Therapeutic Category: Vasodilator (coronary), Prophylactic anginal attacks, Use (kg, approx.) in Germany (2009): >10000, Consumption (g per capita, approx.) in Germany (2009): 0.122, Calculated removal (%): 24.1, Industry Uses: Energy Releasers (explosives, motive propellant), Consumer Uses: Processing aids not otherwise specified, Methods of Manufacturing: The nitration of pentaerythritol is practically complete in a few seconds and is conducted continuously. Pentaerythritol and HNO3 (ca. 1 : 5.5) are fed into a well-stirred, jacketed reactor, with overflow in cascade into a second reactor of the same design. The temperature is maintained below 30 °C. PETN precipitates and may be isolated in one of two ways: 1. In a third reactor the reaction mixture is diluted with water to 55 wt % acid and filtered. The PETN is washed with water. 2. The reaction mixture is filtered immediately and then the 82 wt % spent nitric acid is concentrated, a cheaper process but less safe. Washed PETN is stable. It can be recrystallized by dilution of a hot acetone solution with water, which removes traces of acid and some organic impurities, and crystals of desirable size and flow properties for continuous feed purposes are obtained., The commercially important explosive pentaerythritol tetranitrate is produced by direct reaction of pentaerythritol in nitric or nitric-sulfuric acid media., Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) is prepared either in batches or by continuously nitrating pentaerythritol (tetramethylolmethane), which is manufactured from formaldehyde and acetaldehyde., Formulations, Preparations: Semtex and C4 (RDX, PETN plus a plasticizer), For medicinal purposes it is diluted with an inert ingredient, usually lactose, to prevent accidental explosions., Available in ... 20 and 40 mg tablets for sublingual use and in 30, 45, 60 ... mg sustained-release capsules., U.S. Production: 2023: 9, 214, 345 lb, 2022: 8, 991, 295 lb, 2021: 8, 620, 801 lb, 2020: 7, 182, 086 lb, 1, 3-Propanediol, 2-bis[(nitrooxy)methyl]-, dinitrate (ester) is listed as a High Production Volume (HPV) chemical (65FR81686). Chemicals listed as HPV were produced in or imported into the U.S. in >1 million pounds in 1990 and, or 1994. The HPV list is based on the 1990 Inventory Update Rule. (IUR) (40 CFR part 710 subpart B, 51FR21438).[EPA, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, High Production Volume (HPV) Challenge Program. 1, 2-bis, Production volumes for non-confidential chemicals reported under the Inventory Update Rule. [Table#5863], [US EPA, Non-confidential Production Volume Information Submitted by Companies for Chemicals Under the 1986-2002 Inventory Update Rule (IUR). 1, Production volume for non-confidential chemicals reported under the 2006 Inventory Update Rule. Chemical: 1, 3-dinitrate. Aggreated National Production Volume: 1 to <10 milliom lbs.[US EPA, Non-Confidential 2006 Inventory Update Reporting. National Chemical Information. 1, For more U.S. Production (Complete) data for Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (6 total), please visit the HSDB record page., General Manufacturing Information: Explosives Manufacturing, 3-dinitrate: ACTIVE, Alkyl mercury compounds have been used as seed disinfectants and for fungicides. They have also been used in organic synthesis., Mercury alkyl compounds, The types of explosives of which the public are most aware are the molecular high-explosives, which include trinitro-1, 5-triazacyclohexane (RDX), 5, 7-tetranitro-1, 7-tetraza-cyclooctane (HMX), pentaerythritoltetranitrate (PETN), Semtex and C4 (RDX, trinitrotoluene (TNT) and its variants, nitroglycerin (NG), nitrocellulose (NC), 4, 6-trinitro-phenylmethylnitramine (tetryl), and ethylene glycol dinitrate (EGDN). Developed as high-grade military explosives or for use in various industrial and commercial settings, their supply is highly restricted., SEMTEX 1A is a plastic explosive for special use on the basis of an inexplosive plasticizer with penthrite as an active component. The explosives contain a marking substance for pre-explosive detection. SEMTEX 1H is a plastic explosive for special use on the basis of an inexplosive plasticizer with penthrite and hexogene as active components. SEMTEX 10 is a plastic explosive for special use on the basis of an inexplosive plasticizer with penthrite as an active component. They are used primarily for destruction works, underwater blasting works (up to 100 m), and special blasting works., Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) is a military munitions pollutant., For more General Manufacturing Information (Complete) data for Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (7 total).

Technical Profile

What this product is

PENTAERYTHRITE TETRANITRATE is an inorganic compound with CAS registry number 78-11-5 and molecular formula C5H8N4O12 (molecular weight 316.14), belonging to the inorganic chemicals segment of chemical raw materials.

Identification

CAS number: 78-11-5

Its molecular formula C5H8N4O12 comprises 5 C, 8 H, 4 N, 12 O atoms.

Also known as: PENTAERYTHRITE TETRANITRATE · 季戊四醇四硝酸酯

Category: inorganic chemicals

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