锗（CAS 7440-56-4）：分子式 Ge、分子量 72.63。
| CAS号 | 7440-56-4 |
|---|---|
| 分子式 | Ge |
| 分子量 | 72.63 |
| 熔点 | 937.2 °C |
| 沸点 | 2700 °C |
| 应用领域 | Uses: Used to make rectifying devices (germanium diodes)、transistors、and red-fluorescing phosphors、Also used in dental alloys、catalysts、electroplating、infrared optics、gamma-ray spectroscopy、fiber optics、and veterinary medications、[HSDB] Used in brazing alloys、gold alloys、and beryllium alloys、[Hawley] Mainly used to make infrared sensing systems、Use in semiconductors is declining、Worldwide uses are: fiber optic systems (30%)、polymerization catalysts (25%)、electronic、solar applications (15%)、and other (phosphors、metallurgy、and chemotherapy)、[Nordberg、p. 802]、Brazing [Category: Heat or Machine]、Electroplating [Category: Plate]、Semiconductor Manufacturing [Category: Industry]、Metal Extraction and Refining [Category: Industry]、IN ELECTRONICS: MANUFACTURE OF RECTIFYING DEVICES (GERMANIUM DIODES)、TRANSISTORS、IN RED-FLUORESCING PHOSPHORS、IN DENTAL ALLOYS、IN PRODN OF GLASS CAPABLE OF TRANSMITTING INFRARED RADIATION、AS A CATALYST、IN ELECTROPLATING、(VET): INTESTINAL ASTRINGENT、In infrared optics、and fiber optics.、Methods of Manufacturing: ...SMELTING PRODUCES CRUDE GERMANIUM CONCENTRATES FROM WHICH GERMANIUM TETRACHLORIDE CAN BE DISTILLED & CONVERTED TO GERMANIUM OXIDE BY HYDROLYSIS IN WATER. OXIDE...REDUCED IN PURE HYDROGEN @ A TEMP OF ABOUT 700 °C TO GERMANIUM METAL & THIS IS REFINED IN..."ZONE REFINING" PROCESS...、Impurities: Impurities: Boron and Silicon、Formulations、Preparations: GRADES: TRANSISTOR、IE、IMPURITIES 1 PART IN 10. FORMS: INGOTS、SINGLE CRYSTALS、PURE OR DOPED、POWDER、Available、in 99.99-99.9999% min purity grades、Consumption Patterns: Infrared Optics、60%、Fiber optics systems、15%、Detectors、10%、and Semi-conductors (incl transistors、diodes and rectifiers)、5% (1985)、Infrared systems、42%、34%、gamma-ray、X-ray、and inrared detectors、semiconductors (including transistors、diodes、and rectifiers)、8%、and other applications (catalysts、phosphors、metalurgy、6% (1992).、U.S. Production: (1985) 2.0X10+9 g、13、000 kg (1992) from both primary and secondary materials.、U.S. Imports: (1985) 1.1X10+9 g、12、600 kg (1992)、General Manufacturing Information: Germanium: ACTIVE、GERMANIUM OCCURS IN SOME MINERAL ORES BUT IS PRODUCED IN UNITED STATES PRIMARILY AS BY-PRODUCT OF ZINC.、GERMANIUM...、IS、TRANSPARENT TO INFRARED &...USED IN INFRARED SPECTROSCOPES & OTHER OPTICAL EQUIPMENT、INCL EXTREMELY SENSITIVE INFRARED DETECTORS.、DOPED WITH ARSENIC、GALLIUM、OR OTHER ELEMENTS、IT IS USED AS TRANSISTOR ELEMENT IN THOUSANDS OF ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS. ...AS SEMICONDUCTOR ELEMENT NOW PROVIDES LARGEST USE OF GERMANIUM.、GERMANIUM CATALYSTS ARE USED IN SOME PETROLEUM REFINING OPERATIONS & PROCESSES FOR PRODUCTION OF POLYESTER FIBERS.、For more General Manufacturing Information (Complete) data for GERMANIUM (6 total)、please visit the HSDB record page. |
登记用途：Uses: Used to make rectifying devices (germanium diodes)、transistors、and red-fluorescing phosphors、Also used in dental alloys、catalysts、electroplating、infrared optics、gamma-ray spectroscopy、fiber optics、and veterinary medications、[HSDB] Used in brazing alloys、gold alloys、and beryllium alloys、[Hawley] Mainly used to make infrared sensing systems、Use in semiconductors is declining、Worldwide uses are: fiber optic systems (30%)、polymerization catalysts (25%)、electronic、solar applications (15%)、and other (phosphors、metallurgy、and chemotherapy)、[Nordberg、p. 802]、Brazing [Category: Heat or Machine]、Electroplating [Category: Plate]、Semiconductor Manufacturing [Category: Industry]、Metal Extraction and Refining [Category: Industry]、IN ELECTRONICS: MANUFACTURE OF RECTIFYING DEVICES (GERMANIUM DIODES)、TRANSISTORS、IN RED-FLUORESCING PHOSPHORS、IN DENTAL ALLOYS、IN PRODN OF GLASS CAPABLE OF TRANSMITTING INFRARED RADIATION、AS A CATALYST、IN ELECTROPLATING、(VET): INTESTINAL ASTRINGENT、In infrared optics、and fiber optics.、Methods of Manufacturing: ...SMELTING PRODUCES CRUDE GERMANIUM CONCENTRATES FROM WHICH GERMANIUM TETRACHLORIDE CAN BE DISTILLED & CONVERTED TO GERMANIUM OXIDE BY HYDROLYSIS IN WATER. OXIDE...REDUCED IN PURE HYDROGEN @ A TEMP OF ABOUT 700 °C TO GERMANIUM METAL & THIS IS REFINED IN..."ZONE REFINING" PROCESS...、Impurities: Impurities: Boron and Silicon、Formulations、Preparations: GRADES: TRANSISTOR、IE、IMPURITIES 1 PART IN 10. FORMS: INGOTS、SINGLE CRYSTALS、PURE OR DOPED、POWDER、Available、in 99.99-99.9999% min purity grades、Consumption Patterns: Infrared Optics、60%、Fiber optics systems、15%、Detectors、10%、and Semi-conductors (incl transistors、diodes and rectifiers)、5% (1985)、Infrared systems、42%、34%、gamma-ray、X-ray、and inrared detectors、semiconductors (including transistors、diodes、and rectifiers)、8%、and other applications (catalysts、phosphors、metalurgy、6% (1992).、U.S. Production: (1985) 2.0X10+9 g、13、000 kg (1992) from both primary and secondary materials.、U.S. Imports: (1985) 1.1X10+9 g、12、600 kg (1992)、General Manufacturing Information: Germanium: ACTIVE、GERMANIUM OCCURS IN SOME MINERAL ORES BUT IS PRODUCED IN UNITED STATES PRIMARILY AS BY-PRODUCT OF ZINC.、GERMANIUM...、IS、TRANSPARENT TO INFRARED &...USED IN INFRARED SPECTROSCOPES & OTHER OPTICAL EQUIPMENT、INCL EXTREMELY SENSITIVE INFRARED DETECTORS.、DOPED WITH ARSENIC、GALLIUM、OR OTHER ELEMENTS、IT IS USED AS TRANSISTOR ELEMENT IN THOUSANDS OF ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS. ...AS SEMICONDUCTOR ELEMENT NOW PROVIDES LARGEST USE OF GERMANIUM.、GERMANIUM CATALYSTS ARE USED IN SOME PETROLEUM REFINING OPERATIONS & PROCESSES FOR PRODUCTION OF POLYESTER FIBERS.、For more General Manufacturing Information (Complete) data for GERMANIUM (6 total)、please visit the HSDB record page.。
锗 是一种化工化合物，登记 CAS 号为 7440-56-4，分子式 Ge（分子量 72.63）。
登记 CAS 号：7440-56-4
其分子式 Ge 由 1 个锗 组成。
别名/同义词：锗 · Germanium metal · Germanium
锗 的 CAS 登记号为 7440-56-4。
分子式 Ge，分子量 72.63。
别名/同义词：锗、Germanium metal、Germanium。
登记用途：Uses: Used to make rectifying devices (germanium diodes)、transistors、and red-fluorescing phosphors、Also used in dental alloys、catalysts、electroplating、infrared optics、gamma-ray spectroscopy、fiber optics、and veterinary medications、[HSDB] Used in brazing alloys、gold alloys、and beryllium alloys、[Hawley] Mainly used to make infrared sensing systems、Use in semiconductors is declining、Worldwide uses are: fiber optic systems (30%)、polymerization catalysts (25%)、electronic、solar applications (15%)、and other (phosphors、metallurgy、and chemotherapy)、[Nordberg、p. 802]、Brazing [Category: Heat or Machine]、Electroplating [Category: Plate]、Semiconductor Manufacturing [Category: Industry]、Metal Extraction and Refining [Category: Industry]、IN ELECTRONICS: MANUFACTURE OF RECTIFYING DEVICES (GERMANIUM DIODES)、TRANSISTORS、IN RED-FLUORESCING PHOSPHORS、IN DENTAL ALLOYS、IN PRODN OF GLASS CAPABLE OF TRANSMITTING INFRARED RADIATION、AS A CATALYST、IN ELECTROPLATING、(VET): INTESTINAL ASTRINGENT、In infrared optics、and fiber optics.、Methods of Manufacturing: ...SMELTING PRODUCES CRUDE GERMANIUM CONCENTRATES FROM WHICH GERMANIUM TETRACHLORIDE CAN BE DISTILLED & CONVERTED TO GERMANIUM OXIDE BY HYDROLYSIS IN WATER. OXIDE...REDUCED IN PURE HYDROGEN @ A TEMP OF ABOUT 700 °C TO GERMANIUM METAL & THIS IS REFINED IN..."ZONE REFINING" PROCESS...、Impurities: Impurities: Boron and Silicon、Formulations、Preparations: GRADES: TRANSISTOR、IE、IMPURITIES 1 PART IN 10. FORMS: INGOTS、SINGLE CRYSTALS、PURE OR DOPED、POWDER、Available、in 99.99-99.9999% min purity grades、Consumption Patterns: Infrared Optics、60%、Fiber optics systems、15%、Detectors、10%、and Semi-conductors (incl transistors、diodes and rectifiers)、5% (1985)、Infrared systems、42%、34%、gamma-ray、X-ray、and inrared detectors、semiconductors (including transistors、diodes、and rectifiers)、8%、and other applications (catalysts、phosphors、metalurgy、6% (1992).、U.S. Production: (1985) 2.0X10+9 g、13、000 kg (1992) from both primary and secondary materials.、U.S. Imports: (1985) 1.1X10+9 g、12、600 kg (1992)、General Manufacturing Information: Germanium: ACTIVE、GERMANIUM OCCURS IN SOME MINERAL ORES BUT IS PRODUCED IN UNITED STATES PRIMARILY AS BY-PRODUCT OF ZINC.、GERMANIUM...、IS、TRANSPARENT TO INFRARED &...USED IN INFRARED SPECTROSCOPES & OTHER OPTICAL EQUIPMENT、INCL EXTREMELY SENSITIVE INFRARED DETECTORS.、DOPED WITH ARSENIC、GALLIUM、OR OTHER ELEMENTS、IT IS USED AS TRANSISTOR ELEMENT IN THOUSANDS OF ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS. ...AS SEMICONDUCTOR ELEMENT NOW PROVIDES LARGEST USE OF GERMANIUM.、GERMANIUM CATALYSTS ARE USED IN SOME PETROLEUM REFINING OPERATIONS & PROCESSES FOR PRODUCTION OF POLYESTER FIBERS.、For more General Manufacturing Information (Complete) data for GERMANIUM (6 total)、please visit the HSDB record page.。
锗（CAS 7440-56-4）的独立参考数据，整理自公开化学数据库。
| CAS 号 | 7440-56-4 |
|---|---|
| PubChem CID | 6326954 |
| 分子式 | Ge |
| IUPAC 名称 | germanium |
| UNII（FDA） | 00072J7XWS |
| Molecular Weight | 72.63 |
|---|---|
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 0 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 0 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 0 |
| Exact Mass | 73.9211778 |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 73.9211778 |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 0 |
| Heavy Atom Count | 1 |
| Boiling Point | 2700 °C |
|---|---|
| Boiling Point | 2833 °C @760 [mm Hg] |
| Melting Point | 937.2 °C |
| Density | 5.323 @ 25 °C/4 °C |
| Density | 5.323 @25 °C |
| Vapor Pressure | 0 mm Hg @ 25 °C |
| Heat of Combustion | 7380 J/g |
| Surface Tension | 6X10-1 N/m @ 1673.1 K |
GERMANIUM; 7440-56-4; Germanium element; Germanium, metal powder; DTXSID8052483; 00072J7XWS; GERMANIUM METALLICUM; CHEBI:30441; RefChem:57049; DTXCID5031056; 231-164-3; Germanium powder; germanium atom; germanium(2+); 13572-99-1; MFCD00011028
| 法规与食品接触 | FDA Cumulative Estimated Daily Intake (CEDI): FCS |
|---|---|
| GHS 通报统计 | 58.3% (186 / 319) |
| GHS 通报统计 | 58.3% (186 / 319) |
|---|---|
| 已通报的危害声明 | H228 (13.5%), H361 (27.3%), H373 (27.3%), H412 (27%) |
锗 · CAS 7440-56-4 · Ge. UNII 00072J7XWS. Boiling Point: 2700 °C; Boiling Point: 2833 °C @760 [mm Hg]; Melting Point: 937.2 °C.
数据来源：PubChem / Wikidata；与随货 COA 不一致时以 COA 为准。
English page: Germanium metal